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Post by Max Sinister on Sept 20, 2023 21:04:26 GMT
Central Europe 1450-1500
1450s: Genoese invent the commercial lottery (derived from a system they used for choosing officials).
1454: King Gerhard II of the Netherlands dies without heir, so his lands fall to his old brother-in-arms Reinald I of Geldern, who marries Gerhard's daughter (although she's 30 years younger than him... but well, this is royalty).
1456-69: Swiss Civil War between "Upper Switzerland" (south of the Rhine) and "Lower Switzerland".
1460: The Hungarian nobles elect Ludwig of Bavaria-Landshut king Lajos III, after king Karl / Károly III died without heir.
1464: Great finding of silver in Tyrol, which makes the Luxemburger dynasty second-richest in the HRE. In 1472, their candidate Heinrich is elected Roman king.
Since 1466: Returning pilgrims spread the news that Rome was conquered by the infidels. Many sects believe that the end of time is near (the date of 1500 is mentioned). At first the war gives them hope that Rome can be reconquered, but when England-Castille-Portugal gives up Rome in 1472, they become desperate. Unrest spreads. At the same time, the growing riches (and corruption) of the church (which rules many territories in Germany) and the growing power of the princes makes some people wonder about secularization of said territories.
1470: The young king of Poland has to accept a new constitution, which gives every noble (15% of the Polish population!) the right to vote in the parliament, and introduces separation of powers.
1472-76: Polish-Bohemian War. After the death of king Vaclav IV, the Poles hope for an easy victory, but the new king Jan II leads the Czech armies surprisingly well and drives the Poles back.
1475: When king Heinrich VIII secularizes and annexes the bistums of Augsburg and Trient for his lands, the HRE falls into a kind of Civil War. All the princes try to annex the clerical lands, which leads to lots of confusion and little wars for said lands, which are subsumed as the Twenty-Year War. The most important of those wars are the Bavarian-Austrian War for Salzburg (1485-93) and the French-Dutch War (1486-91). For some time, there are three kings in the Empire (of Luxemburg, Brandenburg and Geldern respectively).
In the same year, in the bisthums of Würzburg and Münster, millenialist sects take the power, declare the Gottesfreistaat (God's republic - another kind of theocracy). The latter ones even manage to extend their lands during the chaos of the war, deposing some small princes of NW Germany.
The Swiss use the opportunity and conquer the remaining lands of their archenemies, the Habsburgs, in the Black Forest.
And to make the situation even worse, there are peasant uprisings (mostly in western Germany) who feel suppressed by the nobles. Those who can't flee to the territories of the Gottesfreistaaten where they're let in if they only swear to obey God's laws, are brutally suppressed.
1475-95: Germans fleeing from the Twenty-Year War in the HRE, and especially the religious fanatics ruling in Münster, go to the colonies of Braunschweig and the Netherlands.
1477: After defeating millenialist sects, Piero I de Medici becomes first duke of Florence.
1481: Printing press with movable letters invented in the free city of Cologne by Jakob Hahn.
1493: The former monk Karl Koch who read a bit too much about the Roman republic during his time as library assistant in the monastery, starting as a "soap box preacher", declares the "Rheinische Republik" (republic of the Rhine), which is soon defeated by the duke of Jülich-Berg, however.
1495: King Karl V of Luxemburg deposes anti-king Otto of Brandenburg, is accepted as Roman king (better said: nobody complains). Not however in Switzerland and the theocracies of Münster and Würzburg, who have stopped caring about the HRE. The wars are over, but Germany lost about one fifth of its population. It takes them about half a century to recover.
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Post by Max Sinister on Sept 23, 2023 20:59:59 GMT
Western Europe / Atlantis 1450-1500
Since 1450: The invention of the caravel in Portugal further helps developing oversea trade and colonization.
The Dutch sail down the coast of Atlantis, found settlements (i.e. trading places) in OTL Carolina, Georgia.
After the improvements in the first half of the century, the church gradually becomes more corrupt. The riches the Castillians took in Morocco already increased their wishes, and when their share from Atlantis and Africa is rolling in, they're demanding even more.
1453: Since the princes of North and South Portugal can't agree who should reign, Castille can impose its rule again - although the king again has to swear to accept Portuguese rights.
1455: King Louis XII of France has his completely mad younger brother Philippe (also duke of Bourbon) killed. The nobles (including the royal sidelines, and old king Richard III of England, who's talked by his advisors into it) who are already concerned with the growing power of the king, use this accident to rebel against him.
1456: Florentine traders arrive in Portuguese Tangiers (it's neither in Europe nor in the Mediterranean ...) where they see the new sailing ships.
1460: First French Civil War ends, Louis' other brother Charles V becomes king. He has to grant the other dukes a lot of power, however, which makes them practically independent.
The Danish discoverer Anders Christensen explores the Hudson valley (later, OTL upstate New York is named Anderland after him).
The ambitious duke Bernhard I of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, who inherited most lands of the Welfs, founds a colony in Atlantis at the site of Philadelphia, called Martinsburg (with the help of the Hanseatic League cities Hamburg and Bremen).
1461: Portuguese discoverers reach the Senegal river. King Pedro IV insists that they try to find a way from here to the gold-rich Mali, which doesn't work. However, they start to trade for gold (and slaves) at the Mauretanian island of Arguim.
1463/64: England defeats Scotland, takes their colony of New Scotland, which is renamed New England, of course. The capital of the colony, Perth beyond the Ocean, is renamed after the winner of the battle, Boston. England slowly extends its settlements, until they go from OTL Bar Harbor, Maine, to New Haven, Connecticut.
1466: Swedes found Nystad, their first city in Atlantis, at the site of OTL Wilmington, Delaware. They claim the whole Chesapeake peninsula for Sweden. Cape Verde islands discovered by accident.
1468: First Florentine caravel crosses the Atlantic, finds the way to Nystad. They discover the Potomac, and since the area is yet unclaimed by Sweden, they claim it for Florence.
1469: Brittany sends a ship to the new world; they find the coast of OTL Carolina, but the stronger Dutch don't allow them to make landfall.
1471: Anders Christensen discovers the mouth of St Lawrence river, but is killed a bit later by Atlanteans, so the expedition decides to return.
1475: Another Danish expedition reaches Lake Ontario. Soon, the first Danish colonies along St Lawrence river are founded. Together with the colonies of Prince-Harald-Island and Anderland, they form a belt around English colonies.
1477-83: Third Aquitainian War (those of 1341-85 and 1414-26 being the first two), which ends with Aquitaine finally becoming French. Scotland-Norway also entered the war on France's side.
1479/80: Sweden makes war with Norway, occupies and annexes Norwegian province of Jämtland.
1481: Tlacaelel, Cihuacoatl ("Prime Minister") of the Tenochca, dies.
Portuguese discoverers go further south, come to Guinea. The income of the Portuguese crown doubles within short time; the money is divided in three between the two Portuguese princes and the Castillian king, however.
1486: France sends the first ships to Atlantis, under a captain Coulon (of the infamous pirate family), making claim in the area of OTL Carolina, where they found Charlesbourg at the site of OTL Charleston.
1487: English take Scottish capital of Perth; king Daibidh V and his three sons have to flee to Norway. The Shetland and Orkney islands become English, too.
1488: Portuguese reach the mouth of Niger river.
1490: Charles VI of France makes the Republic of Venice appoint his cousin Jean "protector of the republic", essentially giving him lots of real power, promising them an "everlasting alliance" with France against the Muslims.
1492 (SCNR): A Castillian expedition (well, it's funded by the king, and some of his people are on the ship, but since the Portuguese insisted, the captain and all the sailors are Portuguese - Castillians aren't allowed to build caravels) crosses the Atlantic, makes landfall in Florida (which is named the same way ITTL), claim it for Castille-Portugal.
1493: Huayna Capac becomes ruler of the Incas.
1497: King Pedro IV of Castille dies without heir; Castille-Portugal is united with England-Scotland, forming the Quadruple Monarchy under Edward V.
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Post by Max Sinister on Sept 27, 2023 19:56:37 GMT
East Asia 1500-1550
Since 1500: Overpopulation in China proper leads to the state founding new settlements on Taiwan, later on the Philippine islands too.
The Indianized states in SE Asia, now influenced by Confucianism, Buddhism and Chinese culture, develop new philosophies and religious schools. There are sects which start to pray to the legendary "Yellow Emperor" as a new god, or Confucius himself (who is popular among the SE Asian officials, as a kind of god of bureaucracy).
1502 (3199, Yang Water Rat): The "Betrayal of Bengal": After the sultan of Bengal requested military and technical advisors from the Hong, who helped him to equip his army with cannons, he stops paying tribute. Chinese traders are ousted from Bengal.
1505: Mega earthquake in Himalaya. Nepal and other states of the area are broken.
1509-21: Civil War in Nippon after the emperor tries to take power for himself. The war is fought with the new weapons, the Chinese bamboo guns and bronze cannons the Nipponese have improved - the samurai have become meaningless. Some of them flee to Ezo (Hokkaido).
1514: Confucianism state religion in Ava (inner Burma).
1516-18: Border war in Arakan. Bengal is defeated by Hong vassals, has to retreat.
1525/26: The Sulu incidence: Chinese merchants are harassed by fanatical Muslims in the Sulu sultanate. After the emperor sends a Treasure fleet, the problems can be solved - but at the court, some people start to criticize Islam, seeing it as a problem for the divine order.
1529 (3226, Yin Earth Rabbit): Russian-Orthodox monks come to China to missionarize, meet to their surprise the Nestorian communities.
1533-36: After another incident on Aceh, Chinese troops are sent to punish the sultan. While they can control the sea, the army landed on Sumatra is defeated.
1536-46: Sultan Tahmasp (a descendant of the Persian Zahedid dynasty who was smuggled out by some servants when the Pashtuns took over Persia) tries to carve out a new empire for himself in Lahore. Finally, the sultan of Delhi can defeat and kill him and take back his lands.
1539/40: Melaka attacks Aceh with Chinese help, annexes it.
1548 (3245, Yang Earth Dog): A Russian delegation is received at the court in Nanjing.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 1, 2023 0:32:46 GMT
Muslim world 1500-1550
1501/02: Rest of Hungary occupied by Rum-Seljuks.
1503: Uprising of Albanians under a local hero named Skanderbeg start. It takes the Rum-Seljuks 20 years to put down the rebels.
1505-09: Austrian-Seljuk War. Seljuks invade Austria, take Vienna, restrict the duke to mountainous Styria and Carinthia. Following that, they also defeat the Bavarian army, taking Salzburg and Bavaria east of the Inn river. Among the fallen is also the former, now titular king of Naples, Charles / Carlo V.
1510: The theocracy of Bohemia pays tribute to the Seljuks.
1515: "Decadent" Persia overrun by Sunni Pashtuns from Afghanistan who found a new dynasty, which will reign for the next centuries.
1516-18: Seljuks invade Florence. Although they stay supreme in open battle, they don't manage to take the new "Italian fortresses". When the Janissaries become discontent because they can't plunder the cities, the Sultan has to cancel the attack, goes into the Marches instead. The tiny republic of San Marino is overrun by them as well.
1519-22: The alliance of the Quadruple Monarchy, Florence, Venice and some German princes fight the Seljuks to a stalemate along the Po river, which becomes the new northern border of the Seljuk empire.
1520: Choresm Shah Atsiz IV invades Persia, takes Chorasan for his empire.
1521: Crete conquered by Rum-Seljuks. De facto end of Venice as a sea power.
1526: Kumans (also called Kipchaks or Polovtser; at the northern Black Sea coast) who feel threatened by Kiev-Chernigov pay the Seljuks tribute. Maximum of their power reached.
1528: Pashtun ruler of Persia attacks and defeats the last Ismailite strongholds. The Assassins are history.
1530: First clash between the Seljuk empire and the Russians. For this time, the Seljuks throw the Russians back into their woods.
The Choresmian dynasty, the Atsizids, die out, which throws the country again in Civil War. Only in 1546, another army commander restored order and founds the dynasty of the Dawudids.
1539-48: Seljuk-Persian War breaks out (Persia is backed and influenced by China). Many battles in Mesopotamia. At the end, Seljuks win again, and take Hormuz, but the war used up a lot of their resources.
1542: Great uprising of the Carbonari in South Italy, which soon spreads to Rome itself. Florence uses the opportunity and invades Latium. Many volunteers go to Italy to fight against the Seljuks; some pious nobles, mainly from Castille-Portugal, support Florence with money.
1543: Florentine troops stand in Naples and the Marches. Now however, the main army of the Seljuks arrives, and the Florentine army is defeated several times. The chaos allows many carbonari to leave South Italy and flee to safer places. Many will settle in Italia Nuova, which soon includes all of OTL Virginia and Maryland (although thinly settled).
1544: When the Seljuks again fail to take the Florentine fortresses, they make peace, although Florence has to pay some tribute. The people of Rome have to leave their city, which the sultan wants to settle anew with Muslims. Some of them go to Atlantis too, but others swear to retake Rome ASAP.
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stevep
Fleet admiral
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Post by stevep on Oct 1, 2023 13:52:57 GMT
Muslim world 1500-1550
1501/02: Rest of Hungary occupied by Rum-Seljuks. 1503: Uprising of Albanians under a local hero named Skanderbeg start. It takes the Rum-Seljuks 20 years to put down the rebels. 1505-09: Austrian-Seljuk War. Seljuks invade Austria, take Vienna, restrict the duke to mountainous Styria and Carinthia. Following that, they also defeat the Bavarian army, taking Salzburg and Bavaria east of the Inn river. Among the fallen is also the former, now titular king of Naples, Charles / Carlo V. 1510: The theocracy of Bohemia pays tribute to the Seljuks. 1515: "Decadent" Persia overrun by Sunni Pashtuns from Afghanistan who found a new dynasty, which will reign for the next centuries. 1516-18: Seljuks invade Florence. Although they stay supreme in open battle, they don't manage to take the new "Italian fortresses". When the Janissaries become discontent because they can't plunder the cities, the Sultan has to cancel the attack, goes into the Marches instead. The tiny republic of San Marino is overrun by them as well. 1519-22: The alliance of the Quadruple Monarchy, Florence, Venice and some German princes fight the Seljuks to a stalemate along the Po river, which becomes the new northern border of the Seljuk empire. 1520: Choresm Shah Atsiz IV invades Persia, takes Chorasan for his empire. 1521: Crete conquered by Rum-Seljuks. De facto end of Venice as a sea power. 1526: Kumans (also called Kipchaks or Polovtser; at the northern Black Sea coast) who feel threatened by Kiev-Chernigov pay the Seljuks tribute. Maximum of their power reached. 1528: Pashtun ruler of Persia attacks and defeats the last Ismailite strongholds. The Assassins are history. 1530: First clash between the Seljuk empire and the Russians. For this time, the Seljuks throw the Russians back into their woods. The Choresmian dynasty, the Atsizids, die out, which throws the country again in Civil War. Only in 1546, another army commander restored order and founds the dynasty of the Dawudids. 1539-48: Seljuk-Persian War breaks out (Persia is backed and influenced by China). Many battles in Mesopotamia. At the end, Seljuks win again, and take Hormuz, but the war used up a lot of their resources. 1542: Great uprising of the Carbonari in South Italy, which soon spreads to Rome itself. Florence uses the opportunity and invades Latium. Many volunteers go to Italy to fight against the Seljuks; some pious nobles, mainly from Castille-Portugal, support Florence with money. 1543: Florentine troops stand in Naples and the Marches. Now however, the main army of the Seljuks arrives, and the Florentine army is defeated several times. The chaos allows many carbonari to leave South Italy and flee to safer places. Many will settle in Italia Nuova, which soon includes all of OTL Virginia and Maryland (although thinly settled). 1544: When the Seljuks again fail to take the Florentine fortresses, they make peace, although Florence has to pay some tribute. The people of Rome have to leave their city, which the sultan wants to settle anew with Muslims. Some of them go to Atlantis too, but others swear to retake Rome ASAP.
Well your got an Ottoman empire on steroids here. Especially with the loss of Rome and its forced resettlement by Muslims would have a big impact on European feeling. I can't remember whether we have had any reformation - although I think not - but I would expect some push back at some point, At the same time I wonder how far Chinese expansion will go before the dynasty starts to falter.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 3, 2023 20:47:34 GMT
Well your got an Ottoman empire on steroids here. Especially with the loss of Rome and its forced resettlement by Muslims would have a big impact on European feeling. I can't remember whether we have had any reformation - although I think not - but I would expect some push back at some point, At the same time I wonder how far Chinese expansion will go before the dynasty starts to falter. Yes, I expected that since the Ottomans were just part of the Rum-Seljuks, and there is no Mongol invasion to shatter them, they'd become even stronger than the Ottomans IOTL. In the late 15th century, even the latter managed to land in Otranto...
Reformation will go a different course. As stated in other posts, translation of the bible into the vernacular has happened in Germany and other places. The conquest of Rome will also damage the pope's image.
(Hard to tell how it'd go, but I don't think that a split of Europe in two Christian camps of about equal size was unavoidable. OTOH, society would change certainly.)
And now...
Russian lands 1500-1550
Since 1500: The conflict between Vladimir-Suzdal and Kiev-Chernigov continues to simmer. Trade between the two Russias is often hampered, conflicts several times lead to war (although neither country is strong enough to subdue the other one). Both nations build forts and later fortresses along their common border.
~1510: Settlements in Novorossiya as far as Yenissei river.
1512-17: Novgorodian War. Vladimir-Suzdal defeats the old competitor, annexes it. Many Novgorodians who miss their old freedom go to Novorossiya.
1516: Russian merchants find their way into Hong China. On their return they spread tales about Chunkvo (чункво - derived from Zhongguo), which even reach the court in Vladimir. Novorossiyan traders start to get rich on the trade with goods from China.
1518: Russians from Kiev-Chernigov who settled in the Kipchak lands east of Don have reached enough strength that they dare to stop paying taxes to the Muslim beys of the area.
1521: Novorussian (Siberian) merchant families officially are granted the right by the Grand Prince of Vladimir to trade with China.
1522: A Russian ship from Kholmogory (at the site of OTL Archangelsk) goes around Scandinavia and finds its way to Scotland. After some confusion, the Scots find a cleric who can speak Greek to translate. This leads to the start of direct British-Russian trade.
1526: Since the Great Occidental War interferes with British-Russian trade, the Dutch jump in, trade Russia all things they need.
1530: As stated earlier, Russian warriors in Kipchak lands expelled to Kiev-Chernigov by the Rum-Seljuks.
1533-35: Russians in the former princedom of Smolensk ask the Grand Prince for help against Poland. A war breaks out, but this time, the Poles can defend their old border.
1538-40: Clash with Choresmian troops and Mongol (and related) warriors. They ask the Grand Prince for help, which they don't get - which they won't forget.
1539: Dozory* (Russian for "guardians" - TTL equivalent of Cossacks) in the Kipchak lands make an alliance with Kiev-Chernigov, plan a war against Muslims.
~1540: Settlements in Novorossiya at Lake Baikal.
1540-44: Kipchak lands east of the Don conquered, Russians proclaim the Dozory republic of Kipchakia.
1542: First Russian printing press (with Cyrillian letters).
1548: Peace of Orel; Kiev-Chernigov has to cede the county of Kursk.
~1550: Settlements in Novorossiya at Lena river.
* In the original, I called them "Dvoryans", but Russian readers corrected me that a Dvoryan is a nobleman, and a republic of them wouldn't make sense. So I changed it to "Dozory" (plural - singular is "Dozor").
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575
Captain
There is no Purgatory for warcriminals - they go directly to Hell!
Posts: 2,746
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Post by 575 on Oct 3, 2023 21:17:34 GMT
Yes, I expected that since the Ottomans were just part of the Rum-Seljuks, and there is no Mongol invasion to shatter them, they'd become even stronger than the Ottomans IOTL. In the late 15th century, even the latter managed to land in Otranto...
Reformation will go a different course. As stated in other posts, translation of the bible into the vernacular has happened in Germany and other places. The conquest of Rome will also damage the pope's image.
(Hard to tell how it'd go, but I don't think that a split of Europe in two Christian camps of about equal size was unavoidable. OTOH, society would change certainly.)
And now...
Russian lands 1500-1550
Since 1500: The conflict between Vladimir-Suzdal and Kiev-Chernigov continues to simmer. Trade between the two Russias is often hampered, conflicts several times lead to war (although neither country is strong enough to subdue the other one). Both nations build forts and later fortresses along their common border.
~1510: Settlements in Novorossiya as far as Yenissei river.
1512-17: Novgorodian War. Vladimir-Suzdal defeats the old competitor, annexes it. Many Novgorodians who miss their old freedom go to Novorossiya.
1516: Russian merchants find their way into Hong China. On their return they spread tales about Chunkvo (чункво - derived from Zhongguo), which even reach the court in Vladimir. Novorossiyan traders start to get rich on the trade with goods from China.
1518: Russians from Kiev-Chernigov who settled in the Kipchak lands east of Don have reached enough strength that they dare to stop paying taxes to the Muslim beys of the area.
1521: Novorussian (Siberian) merchant families officially are granted the right by the Grand Prince of Vladimir to trade with China.
1522: A Russian ship from Kholmogory (at the site of OTL Archangelsk) goes around Scandinavia and finds its way to Scotland. After some confusion, the Scots find a cleric who can speak Greek to translate. This leads to the start of direct British-Russian trade.
1526: Since the Great Occidental War interferes with British-Russian trade, the Dutch jump in, trade Russia all things they need.
1530: As stated earlier, Russian warriors in Kipchak lands expelled to Kiev-Chernigov by the Rum-Seljuks.
1533-35: Russians in the former princedom of Smolensk ask the Grand Prince for help against Poland. A war breaks out, but this time, the Poles can defend their old border.
1538-40: Clash with Choresmian troops and Mongol (and related) warriors. They ask the Grand Prince for help, which they don't get - which they won't forget.
1539: Dozory* (Russian for "guardians" - TTL equivalent of Cossacks) in the Kipchak lands make an alliance with Kiev-Chernigov, plan a war against Muslims.
~1540: Settlements in Novorossiya at Lake Baikal.
1540-44: Kipchak lands east of the Don conquered, Russians proclaim the Dozory republic of Kipchakia.
1542: First Russian printing press (with Cyrillian letters).
1548: Peace of Orel; Kiev-Chernigov has to cede the county of Kursk.
~1550: Settlements in Novorossiya at Lena river.
* In the original, I called them "Dvoryans", but Russian readers corrected me that a Dvoryan is a nobleman, and a republic of them wouldn't make sense. So I changed it to "Dozory" (plural - singular is "Dozor").
Through the Middle Ages and probably Renaissance it was the wet dream of Nobility to get rid of the Monarch and live in controlled anarchy. HREGN was plagued by it all the time and such as the Jutish Nobility resented the Danish King a lot. You know Margrethe - prohibiting private Castles... they hated it. |
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 4, 2023 22:48:32 GMT
Yes, I expected that since the Ottomans were just part of the Rum-Seljuks, and there is no Mongol invasion to shatter them, they'd become even stronger than the Ottomans IOTL. In the late 15th century, even the latter managed to land in Otranto...
Reformation will go a different course. As stated in other posts, translation of the bible into the vernacular has happened in Germany and other places. The conquest of Rome will also damage the pope's image.
(Hard to tell how it'd go, but I don't think that a split of Europe in two Christian camps of about equal size was unavoidable. OTOH, society would change certainly.)
And now...
Russian lands 1500-1550
Since 1500: The conflict between Vladimir-Suzdal and Kiev-Chernigov continues to simmer. Trade between the two Russias is often hampered, conflicts several times lead to war (although neither country is strong enough to subdue the other one). Both nations build forts and later fortresses along their common border.
~1510: Settlements in Novorossiya as far as Yenissei river.
1512-17: Novgorodian War. Vladimir-Suzdal defeats the old competitor, annexes it. Many Novgorodians who miss their old freedom go to Novorossiya.
1516: Russian merchants find their way into Hong China. On their return they spread tales about Chunkvo (чункво - derived from Zhongguo), which even reach the court in Vladimir. Novorossiyan traders start to get rich on the trade with goods from China.
1518: Russians from Kiev-Chernigov who settled in the Kipchak lands east of Don have reached enough strength that they dare to stop paying taxes to the Muslim beys of the area.
1521: Novorussian (Siberian) merchant families officially are granted the right by the Grand Prince of Vladimir to trade with China.
1522: A Russian ship from Kholmogory (at the site of OTL Archangelsk) goes around Scandinavia and finds its way to Scotland. After some confusion, the Scots find a cleric who can speak Greek to translate. This leads to the start of direct British-Russian trade.
1526: Since the Great Occidental War interferes with British-Russian trade, the Dutch jump in, trade Russia all things they need.
1530: As stated earlier, Russian warriors in Kipchak lands expelled to Kiev-Chernigov by the Rum-Seljuks.
1533-35: Russians in the former princedom of Smolensk ask the Grand Prince for help against Poland. A war breaks out, but this time, the Poles can defend their old border.
1538-40: Clash with Choresmian troops and Mongol (and related) warriors. They ask the Grand Prince for help, which they don't get - which they won't forget.
1539: Dozory* (Russian for "guardians" - TTL equivalent of Cossacks) in the Kipchak lands make an alliance with Kiev-Chernigov, plan a war against Muslims.
~1540: Settlements in Novorossiya at Lake Baikal.
1540-44: Kipchak lands east of the Don conquered, Russians proclaim the Dozory republic of Kipchakia.
1542: First Russian printing press (with Cyrillian letters).
1548: Peace of Orel; Kiev-Chernigov has to cede the county of Kursk.
~1550: Settlements in Novorossiya at Lena river.
* In the original, I called them "Dvoryans", but Russian readers corrected me that a Dvoryan is a nobleman, and a republic of them wouldn't make sense. So I changed it to "Dozory" (plural - singular is "Dozor").
Through the Middle Ages and probably Renaissance it was the wet dream of Nobility to get rid of the Monarch and live in controlled anarchy. HREGN was plagued by it all the time and such as the Jutish Nobility resented the Danish King a lot. You know Margrethe - prohibiting private Castles... they hated it.
Here, end of page, is Stalker's objection that it sounds odd in Russian. Even if there were republics of noblemen in OTL and TTL...
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575
Captain
There is no Purgatory for warcriminals - they go directly to Hell!
Posts: 2,746
Likes: 4,124
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Post by 575 on Oct 5, 2023 7:23:40 GMT
Indeed why? Through the Middle Ages and probably Renaissance it was the wet dream of Nobility to get rid of the Monarch and live in controlled anarchy. HREGN was plagued by it all the time and such as the Jutish Nobility resented the Danish King a lot. You know Margrethe - prohibiting private Castles... they hated it.
Here, end of page, is Stalker's objection that it sounds odd in Russian. Even if there were republics of noblemen in OTL and TTL...
If he didn't elaborate any on it - well yes sounds odd.
Still have the maps? I could copy them for You!
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 8, 2023 1:34:15 GMT
Here, end of page, is Stalker's objection that it sounds odd in Russian. Even if there were republics of noblemen in OTL and TTL... If he didn't elaborate any on it - well yes sounds odd. Still have the maps? I could copy them for You!
I'll post them when the time will have come. Something that was stated about the Dvoryans at the other AH forum: "The dvoryanstvo is Russian nobility, aristocracy. From Russian noun "dvor" that means "court". Do not confuse with the word "a courtier" - that will be"pridvorny". Has nohing to do with Cossacks. Cossacks are freeholders, formed in wild lands of Don and Lower Dnieper from mainly peasants who fled Russian lands from oppressions and formed their mixed farming and military communities in those lands. Have a great deal of resembling features with ushkuiniki - these were also bound to banditism but also they considered themselves as guards of Russian lands from threat from the South and East as well as the carriers of Truly Faith. However, there is the way to call some of Cossacks the Knights/Champions in a way. For example, t Ukrainan Cossaks of Zaporizhzhya are often referred to in the historical works are often called the Champions of Ukraine..." But now back to the timeline...
Central Europe 1500-1550
1500-1508: Reforms of the HRE. Everlasting Landfrieden ("public peace" - puts an end to the feuds) proclaimed. Braunschweig-Lüneburg gets the ninth electorate. Otherwise, the electorate system isn't reformed - but the clerical electors (the bishops of Cologne, Mainz and Trier) are now really dependent of their princes, the princes of Jülich-Berg, Nassau and Luxemburg respectively. The Gottesfreistaaten of Münster and Würzburg are put into Reichsacht (means: everyone may kill their people and take their lands). The Reichstag is established. It's not a parliament, more a platform for the princes and the other states. The electors (and later Franconia-Pomerania) have one vote each, while the smaller states only have "shared votes". To counter the Seljuk threat, the Reichsarmee (Imperial army) is founded too. HRE now named "Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation".
1503: The Slovakian estates make an alliance with Poland, after Hungary was conquered by the Rum-Seljuks.
1506: Jan III the Old (also called the Good) elected new king in Bohemia. After the difficult times of the 15th century, he cuts back the radical religious groups, builds up the economy and science again, and starts diplomatic relations with other European powers.
1511: François, the Regent for his nephew, French king Charles VIII, elected Roman king (as Franz I). He has to find out soon that the title is far from meaning much power. To counter this, he founds the "Alliance des Alpes / Alpenbund" with Venice, Bavaria and Württemberg-Carinthia, which is mainly directed against the Seljuks.
With the death of Ottokar III of Carinthia, the Przemyslid dynasty ends. His lands are divided between his daughters - Maria, who marries the duke of Württemberg, gets the electorate, Carinthia and Styria (and theoretically Austria), and Elisabeth, who married the duke of Brandenburg, gets Silesia.
1521-23: Hanseatic League clashes with united Scandinavia (later more) which started the Sund toll. However, the Hanse cities lose this time. As a consequence, the Hanseatic League becomes less and less important. While the cities in the Netherlands (and to a lesser extent, in Braunschweig-Lüneburg) profit from the Atlantean trade, the Baltic cities are not that lucky. Not to mention those cities who suffer under the regime of the theocrats. The League continues officially, but it lost power.
1522: After Poland threatens the (shrunk) lands of the Teutonic Order, the knights appeal to the Holy Roman Emperor. Since he and France can use every supporter, Prussia is made a secular duchy and joins the HRE. The Poles are not too happy about this. King Boleslaw VII and his successor Boleslaw VIII now start a policy with the aim of strengthening the power of Poland and themselves: They build many printing presses and several universities, found colonies and reform Poland in various ways.
1530s: Unhappy about the western schism, Christian reform movements spread in the HRE too. The Bible is translated independently three times: Into Swabian German by Josef Füssli (who later called himself Gotthold), into Northern German in Braunschweig-Lüneburg (this version even spreads into the Netherlands) by Matthias Lieber, and into Upper German by Hieronymus Knoblauch in Upper Palatinate. Except for Bavaria and Prussia, most German princes introduce the one or other translated Bible, bring the church in their lands under their control. 1533: Religious uprisings in Florence. The radicals are suppressed, but the duke gives in insofar as he has the bible translated into the vernacular. Otherwise, Florence still stands on the side of the pope.
1538: Poland secularizes church property.
1541-44: First Swiss-Savoy War. The former win, get the control over Graubünden, Tessin and Veltlin.
1545: Burgrave Johann VII von Hohenzollern of Ansbach and Bayreuth defeats the Gottesfreistaat Würzburg, annexes it, thus forming the duchy of Franconia. For this deed, the emperor promises him to support his claims for Pomerania too. |
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 12, 2023 0:13:01 GMT
Western Europe 1550-1600
Since 1550: The growing trade with East Asian goods (although many are still forbidden, or at least scolded at) leads people to think about a possibility to take out the middle man (the Rum-Seljuks in the South, the Russians in the North). In France, it's suggested that a conquest of the Sinai would allow them to sail the spice routes.
1551-56: The new king of the Triple Monarchy of England-Castille-Portugal is willing to scrap Caesaropapism, so the council of Ghent is started. After long discussions, the western churches are reunited. In return, some of the Occidental reforms [1] are introduced in the rest of the world too. Plus, the theologians from various countries, where printing is widespread meanwhile, decide an important change in the doctrine: Instead of good works, only the belief in God is what counts. The most important change (which was necessary for the Triple Monarchy and many other countries), however, is that the church can't claim back its secularized property. Now the pope is the highest spiritual authority in all of Western Europe again. But now, people started to question him...
1555: Alexander / Alasdair IV of Scotland and Ireland ends the Danish Civil War, becomes new king of Denmark.
1560: King Henry IV of England-Castille-Portugal reorders his kingdoms. The two halves of Portugal are reunited under him as king; the traditional division of the colonies (Portugal in Africa except Morocco, Castille in Morocco and the Caribbean, England in North Atlantis) is changed a bit: English merchants of the Atlantean Company get the islands of Jamaica and All Saints (OTL Trinidad) for sugar plantations.
1562: Alasdair elected king of Norway, returning in triumph.
1567: Swedish regent Sten deposed after one of his young nephews dies suddenly under unclear circumstances. Alasdair becomes king of Sweden. He now has the crowns of five kingdoms (not even counting Finland).
1570s: "The golden years". All the great Western European states - the Triple Monarchy of England-Castille-Portugal, France, and Alasdair's empire have competent, popular rulers who live in peace with each other. Style of Occidentalism(o) at its height.
1580s: Biggest uprisings in Morocco and Algeria yet.
1586: After the sons of Charles VIII died without heirs, their second-grade cousin François II of Berry becomes new king of France. He is anything but popular, but fortunately, he'll die one year later already.
1588: Death of Alasdair. His vast lands are divided: Scotland and Ireland go to his elder son Alasdair V, Scandinavia to his younger son Christian I / Kristian.
1595: The nobles of Sweden depose king Kristian after the lost war against Vladimir-Suzdal, elect Albrecht / Albert of Mecklenburg new king.
1599: The kings Henry V of the Triple Monarchy of England-Castille-Portugal and François III agree to solve their conflict in Aragon in a way that satisfies them both: Aragon is divided - Murcia and the lands south of the Ebro (and Oran) go to the Triple Monarchy of England-Castille-Portugal, the lands north of it, plus the Balearic Islands, Navarre and Sardinia (which is sold to Florence, though) to France.
[1] The Occidental church under king Edward V introduced many original laws. One part of them was directed against trade with Muslim countries, so some luxuries (silk, Syrian glassworks, East Asian spices, even incense) were forbidden or severely taxed, while Occidental Christians were encouraged to replace them with Atlantean luxuries (furs, tobacco, cayenne peppers). Other new laws preached by the church heavily discriminated Jews and Muslims - a big stain, since it also meant that Arab and Hebrew books could only be acquired under great difficulties.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 14, 2023 10:37:02 GMT
Atlantis 1550-1600
Since ~1550: Despite France expanding in the Mississippi area, the importance of North Atlantis falls (although the trade with fur and tobacco continues), while the Caribbean (with its sugar riches) becomes more important. The parts of the sugar mills (of which thousands are built) are an important step toward an industrial revolution.
Cuitláuac starts reconquering lost lands in Northern Mexico, extending to the Atlantic and Pacific again.
After Mexico, Tawantinsuyu (the Inca empire) adapts a pidgin version of French for communication with the Europeans.
1550: Mining experts from Europe teach the Inca new techniques to get more silver from OTL Potosi. The Inca use their new riches to buy weapons and tools, and later books and machines from Europeans.
1551-56: At the council of Ghent, the delegates from the various nations also have to decide who should own which Caribbean island, since there are now seven nations represented (counting the Triple Monarchy of England-Castille-Portugal as only one). There's a lot of confusion who discovered which island first, which contrasts with who officially took claim and who settled where first. At the end, all the smaller powers get a few islands, but most hope to change the situation.
1552: Castillians go up the Rio Grande, found settlements along it, to put a wedge between the French in the Mississippi valley and the Mexica. Later, those colonies will become Texas.
Silver discovered in Zacatecas.
1553: French send an expedition to North Atlantis, discover the Hudson and James Bays, found colonies here, which are called Quebec.
Plagues hit Inca empire, killing a great percentage of the population. Chibcha in the North and several more (like the Aymara) in the South become practically independent again.
1554: Braunschweig-Lüneburg forms its second province in Atlantis, called Waldstätten (OTL Pennsylvanian Appalachians). Experienced woodcutters and sawmill builders are invited there from as far as Switzerland.
Second plague hits Central Atlantis.
1557: English claim the Brazilian coast down to OTL Recife. The area is called Braseal, after the brazilwood.
1559-61: French send an expedition up the Mississippi and Arkansas, found (St. Louis). The Mississippi area is named Louisiane after the newborn son of the king (who'll die two years old, but that's another story), since there's already a Caroline and a Nouvelle France around.
1560s: Inca empire conquers the southern Andes, now rules them from the Caribbean to Terra del Fuego.
1562: King Henry IV of England-Castille-Portugal appoints a viceroy residing at Santiago (at OTL Havana's site) who coordinates governmental activities in the five capitanates / captainships: Caribbea (the islands, except Jamaica, which is under the English crown), Florida, Texas, Mayaland (collective term for all of Central America between the lands of the Tenochca and the French in Panama) and South Atlantis (OTL North Columbia, Venezuela).
1564: French build some ships in the Pacific, sail down the coast of South Atlantis, cartographing it.
1565: English expedition reaches Cape Hoorn from the east. The area south of the equator stays barely settled, though.
1570: French trading with the Inca bring the potato from the Inca empire to Europe. At first, it's treated as a curiosity, or as medicine.
1571: With the help of his French advisors, Inca ruler Sayri Tupaq manages to stabilize his rule in the center of the old empire.
1572/73: An English expedition explores the area of the river Amazon, reaches the Inca Empire from the East.
1581: A Castillian expedition crosses the Arizona desert, until they reach the Pacific.
1583: Second big plague in the reduced Inca empire.
1586: Third plague hits Central Atlantis. When the dust has settled, only 6 of 15 million Mesoatlanteans survive (and that's still better than OTL!)
Another Castillian expedition goes up the Pacific coast of Atlantis, coming to the San Francisco Bay.
1589: French explore the source of the Tennessee river, find the way to Italia Nuova.
1590: The Triple Monarchy of England-Castille-Portugal founds the sixth capitanate, of California.
1595: French start building a small fleet at the Great Lakes.
Chachapoyas in the forests of Peru pay allegiance to the Inca again.
1597: Axayacatl II of Mexico starts to expand the Mexica Empire after long time again.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 14, 2023 11:44:42 GMT
When you say the 1457 crisis at the Hong court is resolved in a pleasant way with a note about see story is that something to come? So, the story in question is posted now. That should clear up things.
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stevep
Fleet admiral
Posts: 24,867
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Post by stevep on Oct 14, 2023 23:14:07 GMT
When you say the 1457 crisis at the Hong court is resolved in a pleasant way with a note about see story is that something to come? So, the story in question is posted now. That should clear up things.
Ah yes. Seen it and commented on it.  |
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 18, 2023 16:09:59 GMT
Argh! Made a typo in the post about Central Europe 1500-50, and then skipped two posts re: chronology! (Why didn't you say anything??)
First one I missed (about the Great Occidental War and one of TTL's Great Men(TM), Prince Alasdair:
Western Europe 1500-1550
1504: Erik XV Birgersson of Sweden deposed, for being unpopular and having no heir. Knut Karlsson of the Bonde family is made regent.
1506: King David V of Norway dies. His heir is only three years old. The nobles use the opportunity and set up a nobles' republic similar as Aragon. They plan to kill the prince, but he is smuggled by some loyal Scottish followers out of Norway; they flee first to Denmark, later to the Netherlands and France.
1510: James of Athelhampton writes a text "About the divine right of the king", propagating that the king should stand higher than the bishops in his lands. This basically means a breakaway from the pope in Avignon. Since he abandoned Rome, many Christians have criticized him; and since more and more money from the Quadruple Monarchy's lands in Africa and Atlantis goes into his coffers, the number of critics has grown even more.
The English nobles accept the proposal after a few months, but Castille-Portugal is more reluctant to accept the king as head of church. The coalitions formed don't even ask for nationalities, classes, or even families. From 1511-17, the Iberian peninsula goes through almost Civil War-like conditions. The opponents of the king are rewarded with the property of his defeated enemies (including some church property), which helps him to succeed. He founds the "Occidental Christian church".
1514: François / Franz I crowned Holy Roman Emperor (in Avignon).
1519: After a meeting of the cardinals of the Quadruple Monarchy, they accept king Edward V as supreme spiritual authority. The liturgy or anything else substantial isn't changed. The Occidental Schism begins. The church property in the Quadruple Monarchy goes to the king as well, who uses it to give it to his followers, thus further strengthening his authority. When the pope protests, the king declares in return that he won't accept the authority of "the lackey of the French king".
1520: The nobles of Sweden decide to make Henrik VI of Denmark new king, since Knut Karlsson also has no heir.
1520s: As a reaction to king Edward's Caesaropapism, a new Christian movement spreads through Great Britain - "Independents" who demand that the state completely stops interfering with the church, and again demands the translation of the bible, which the church still declines.
1523: After Sweden, Henrik of Denmark also is elected new king of Norway. He now reigns all of Scandinavia.
1523-47: Great Occidental War. The Quadruple Monarchy fights against France, Aragon, the HRE and the Tenochca.
1527: Although the war on land goes well for the Quadruple monarchy, where the new Castillian tercios repeatedly defeat the French, their fleet is defeated in the big sea battle of Biarritz.
1528: After the defeat of Cempoala, the war in Europe intensifies. The Quadruple king hopes for a reconquest of Aquitaine. France feels threatened and needs a diversion. "Prince Alasdair" who returned from Atlantis lands in Scotland, soon gains followers, starts guerrilla war against the English.
1530: Scots defeat English at the battle of Stirling, reconquer the Lowlands.
1531: Prince Alasdair extends the war to Ireland.
1533: Dublin conquered by Prince Alasdair.
1534: Charles VIII elected king Carles of Aragon.
1535: After the death of emperor Franz, king Charles is elected new Roman king, despite some resistance (he gets 6 of 9 votes).
King Henrik VI starts the Scandinavian church, confiscates the church property and has the Bible translated.
1538-42: Uprisings in Morocco. The rebelling Muslims are enslaved and mostly brought to the New World. However, they distract the Quadruple Monarchy, which has to move Castilian troops from France to Morocco.
1541: King Gerhard II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden deposed for complete madness. The land falls into Civil War, with various (wannabe) contenders fighting. Norway becomes a nobles' republic again, Sweden declares independence too.
1543: After Morocco is secured, the insulted Quadruple king wants to get rid of Prince Alasdair, so he moves his troops not to Aquitaine, but Scotland. The Castilian and Portuguese troops aren't accustomed to the land and the climate, which weakens them.
1544: Swedes make Gustav of the Sture family new regent. He manages that the office stays in the family.
1546: After several indecisive battles, Prince Alasdair decides to let the troops of the enemy march deep into the Highlands, making them believe they were chasing the Scots. As the chronicles write, certainly no other Scot leader would be able to demand that of his people - which proves Alasdair's charisma. He doesn't disappoint the Scots: At October 10th, they destroy their enemy in the battle of Callander.
1547: Peace of Barcelona. The Quadruple Monarchy has to cede Murcia to Aragon, and accept the independence of Scotland-Ireland under Alasdair / Alexander IV in Europe, and of Mexico and Tawantinsuyu (Inca empire) in Atlantis (who have to convert to Christianity, though, since the pope insists). Plus, they have to pay several tons of gold.
1549: The double revolt in the (now) Triple Monarchy of England-Castille-Portugal: Both the parliament in England and the Cortes in Castille force the king to resign, make his more popular son king.
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