A window of opportunity 1905

[575]

League of Nations 1945 (excerpt from pseudonym Anatoly's book: The Third Russian Revolution of the 20. Century)
The Sovietunion was no more and its seat at the LoN had been left occupied though by its Representative who didn't willingly step down and had to endure a referendum against himself.
Everybody agreed it be folly.

There was a referendum called by China of supporting the Republic of Korea to make it able to defend itself from outside aggression – Japan. The real supporters being Germany and the USA; the latter had convinced itself that it should uphold some kind of status quo in the Central Pacific where it still had some islands possessions though most Americans had never heard of these except from friends serving with the Navy or Marines.
Deeply sceptical the British held talks with the Germans who didn't have the Navy to project force into the Pacific. The Germans then proposed a joint venture with the Germans delivering some boots on the ground and airunits while the British delivered the Navy hardware which in the end were entrusted to the Australians and New Zealanders propped up by Royal Navy units transferred to a joint Pacific Command.
The French then were offended and it took all the efforts of francophone Winston Churchill to calm them and support the venture from a much enlarged Cam Rahn Bay at Indochina.
The USA later joined the French in building up the base in order to obtain a local base there.

With this much improved western presence in the Far East the Chinese were really gaining the upper hand in asserting themselves in Manchuria ousting the last of the CCP communes there and taking on the final campaign against Mao's core of CCP forces which had been ongoing since the end of the Sovietunion – China – Japanese War in 1943.

Locally the French building of the Cam Rahn Bay base met with protests from the Vietnamese still led by Ho Chi Mihn who still tried the dialogue with the French Government however the French right wing Government surely didn't like the natives there or anywhere else and tried shutting up Ho Chi Mihn and that failing tried arrest him.
Ho managed to evade and began looking for support.

The collapse of the Sovietunion had seen the rebuilding of the Far Eastern Republic but without any real military means China had been able to assert itself vis-a-vis the Republic trading land for foodstuffs and guns.

This time however the Far Eastern Republic wasn't Communist but a Gulag Convicts build; in some crazy move some families had travelled out east to liberate their family members who were inmates among these several Aircraft and Rocket Engineers toiling away in the wet cold pineforest lands.
Finding little resistance by the NKVD Guards with some actively changing side upon being told of the real events in the west of Russians lands the transition was rather easy – in a Russian prespective only a few hundred being executed or killed during the take-over.

[575]

Japan 1945
Japan had read the signs and didn't embarge on an aggressive war though it didn't lack the proponents of such.

It did progress on another route as the pleas of Ho Chi Mihn reached Tokyo; following some debate behind closed curtains the Japanese Government decided to support Ho with some arms caches and monetary funds. Ho was also forced to sigh a handover of Cam Rahn Bay to the Japanese when his political takeover had happened. A move Ho at signing saw as a basically void promise.

Edit:

With the Philippino independence the year before and feeling surrounded as well as defeated Japan became a proponent of colonial independence in the Pacific and East Asia; with its industrial output Japan was willing to aid any new independent nation in the Area.

With news of Ho Chi Mihn receiving financial support for his political aims in French Indo China from Japan Ghandi made a trip to Japan to survey the extend of Japanese willingness of financial support.
Though the trip was entirely political in nature the British Colonial Authorities were alarmed as had the French already become; seeing the painting on the wall the Dutch also began pondering whats next.

[575]

Refugees 1945
A new issue stemming from the collapse of the Sovietunion was the Jewish Refugee problem. Jews had seen Progroms for centuries but the wholesale collapse had been worse than anytime before and coupled to the famine retribution was often taken out on Jews but also to finance the ongoing civil wars.
Problem being that nobody in the west really wanted to open their doors to Jewish refugees and the Jewish demand of a homeland became louder reaching the LoN.
The immediate proposal was the Near East or Palestine but the British Mandate Power really didn't like taking all the Jews which would only kindle the ongoing conflict since 1920 of Jews and Palestinians and their common dislike of the British and both sides accusing the British of having betrayed their agreement of territory for both.

In the end the British decided against the proposal and sent the issue to the LoN to discuss the issue.
LoN discussions soon showed no real interest in the Jews Refugee Issue though a few states such as Argentina, USA and Australia would be willing to open the doors on an individual basis. This of course didn't open the door to the promised land but help the individual.

A lot of the Soviet Jews had ended up in Poland and Hungary as well as Romania. Being russian speakers the Jews slowly filtered into other Slavic speaking countries adding to the Jewish Diaspora in Czechoslovakia, Poland, Jugoslavia and Bulgaria.

[575]

Nordic Nuclear Project 1945
Another question discussed in Europe at times in a very closed forum at LoN was the Nordic Nuclear Bomb project. The project had progressed though slowly as the sudden collapse of the Sovietunion hadn't been anticipated.
At the moment the project seemed of less importance and France for one decided to pull out though the British tried keeping it in pointing to Japan.
Germany was also considering pulling out but here the Nordics was doing their best to keep it in; without Germany it would be only the Nordics pulling the weigh which was heavy but it would also mean that conventional warfare took upon the old feared form which to the Danes meant watching the southern border!
The Nordics was going to continue the project even if the other countries pulled out. In the end only Britain stayed in fully Germany opting for letting its brains participate and decreased its funding substantially though still would supply uranium ore.
The Nordics and British kept going with limited German participation.
The Danish Motorized Brigade was withdrawn from Finland earlier than expected to return to its Barracks in Jutland.

There was another dimension to the Nordics forging on; economy. The large plants having been established and other entrepeneur efforts as well as building of communications: roads, railways and ferries and spinn off in science had all contributed to this. The Nordics were just getting richer and they had basically done it by themselves; of course the cooperation of Britain, Germany and France mattered but the main effort and payoff had been local.
The most important spinoff at the time was the surplus power of the nuclear reactor in Norway had been used to fuel electricity to Bergen and Oslo; now with the lowered tension in Europe the Nordics decided to begin building more around their countries – both to generate electricity but also to build up the needed stocks of weaponized materiel for the Nuclear Programme.
***

This rounds out 1945; don't worry more is in the pipeline.
My goal is to reach 100 years which mean 2005 - still 60 years to go which in writing may amount to more than 185 pages.. the first 40 years amount to 125 pages.

[575]

1946 (excerpt from pseudonym Anatoly's book: The Third Russian Revolution of the 20. Century)
The new Russian Republics faced a natural disaster this year as drought made famine in the former Sovietunion with another failed harvest during 1947 and effects continueing into 1948.
Anatoly recounted that the Novgorod Republic was as badly hit as everybody else mainly due to decreased harvest since 1945 and the following Civil War.
The Civil War saw the rather immediate emergence of the Republic of Ukraine and the Novgorod Republic as well as the Belarus Republic though the latter was heavily engaged in the local war against the Socialist Republic of Smolensk(SRS) a result of a NKVD unit taking power in the area with an aim to rebuild the Sovietunion. However the SRS had little support from the Sovietunion in Moscow which were fighting both the Novgorod and Ukraine Republics.
Futher east the Kazan Republic flourished reaching all the way to the fractured Steppe in the south just north of the Caspian Sea.
Caucasus fractured into ethnic Republics like Armenia which received influx of Armenians living in Turkey and other Middle Eastern areas; Azerbajdjan which had backing of Britain fearing the Civil War spreading to Persia and the rest of the Middle East and wanting to let the Baku oil run.
The Steppe area east of Don and north of the Caucasus was for a time mainly the Kalmyk Cossack Republic though it entered alliance with the Kazan Republic to defend from Ukraine and the Sovietunion in Moscow.
There was a shortlived Crimean German Republic but it soon decided to align with the Ukrainian Republic mainly seeing the inconclusive but continued fighting around it as the Ukrainian Republic seemed to be able to provide stability. The Crimean Republic had seen a short French occupation of the Fortress of Sebastopol but the French soon realized the chaos and need to feed the hungry masses and withdrew. Germany had offered Ukraine substantial grain deliveries in return of protecting the Crimean German minority. There was voices in Germany of moving German troops to Crimea to protect the Volksdeutsche(German Peoples) there but distance and lack of strategic force projection capability made the proposal moot.
In Siberia besides the Far Eastern Republic Siberia was fractured into the Siberian Republic a mainly Socialist state though because of the excessive size the SR really was conglomerate of semi-independent Autonomous Areas such as the Birjat Mongol Repubilic and the Irkutsk – Krasnoyarsk Republic.
Central Asia as Caucasus was fractured along mainly ethnic lines yilding Kazakstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekstan, Kirgizstan, Tadjikstan, Pamir Republic though at this time such City-state Republics as Samarkand, Tashkent, Bukhara and Karaganda flourished. The city of Petropavlovsk dediced to leave Kazakstan and join the Siberian Republic.
Astrakhan on the Volga fought a long skirmish with the Kalmyk Cossacks before joining the Siberian Republic which triggered a war with the Kazan Republic supporting the Kalmyk Cossacks.

Finland had been persuaded by the Nordics to not enlarge its territories in this ripe time as it would bring it into conflict with the Novgorod Republic and the other Nordics wouldn't support Finland in such a struggle. Also the Polish example weighed heavily.
Finland grugdingly abstained but assisted the Novgorod Republic in building up the Murmansk Port and the Murmansk – St. Petersburg Railway. Finland soon realized the Novgorod Republic an important ally and buffer to the south and east and encoured that state to expand into Arkhangelsk Autonomous City and the Komi Republic. It also trained the Novgorod Army in more modern tactics which helped the Novgorod hold its own against the Sovietunion in Moscow which soon turned east to fight the Kazan Republic over the city of Gorki.
Finland also got Denmark deliver agricultural produce as the Russian famine raged as part of its abstaining from enlarging its territories east to the Novgorod Republic making this come through the years of famine with lower losses in population than other Russian republics.

[575]

Italy – Egypt 1946
Emigration to Libya was still strong mainly to the Great Syrte oilfields and the agricultural province of Cyrenaika which had attained status as an Italian administrative unit.
The activity at Great Syrte had taken on in size as to warrant the building of a port for tankers to moor at and merchantships to unload goods for the operation of the oilfield. Also an Airport had been build originally a gravel strip but now turned into a hard top.
Slowly the influx of Italians were beginning to influenze the Egyptian ruler King Farouk, whose father had been living part of his childhood in Italy and served with the Italian Army. Farouk clearly saw the riches the oil was providing Italy.
Farouk thus closed in politically on Italy allowing Greeks in Egypt to hold citizenship to the Italian-Aegean Isles as well as Egypt.
Egypt also bought military equipment in Italy and a pipeline was planned from Great Syrte to Alexandria. Negotiations of ceding Somalia to Egypt was even entered but Farouk found the country too poor and remote even if the Italians claimed it to make him King of Punt! Of course such talk made an impact on Farouk but still he didn't want the country though some Navy Officers and businessmen advised that the possession of Somalia should include Socotra which would be a valuable asset at the mouth of the Red Sea.
Thus impressed Farouk had Government enter talks with the Italians on taking over Somalia and Socotra.

Farouk because of his Albanian ancestry also had the Kings of Albania, Yugoslavia and Greece meet at Cairo due to Albanian ancestry. (OTL!)
The Greek King being of Danish descend was as much Greek as Farouk was Albanian though he didn't say so and participated mainly to try get a way at Italy regarding the Dodecanease Islands which the Greeks had made a deal with Italy on during the Great War but the Greek defeat in Asia Minor had nullified that. Now perhaps something could be worked out.
Italy was very keen on the Royal meeting at Cairo and asked for King Victor Emmanuel to participate which Farouk was only too ready to agree to.
King Alexander of Yugoslavia was somewhat apprehensive of meeting King Victor Emmanuel but the two managed to get along after all it was ten years post the Italian – Yugoslavian War that had been initiated by Mussolini and then Italy had the oil. Alexander needed to participate.
King Zog of Albania was the fourth participant of the Royal gathering; following the Italian – Yugoslavian War of 1935 the Italians had lost interest in Albania as Mussolini had been deposed and the Italian economy was in shambles. Now Italy had emerged again on the stage of rich civilized nations and perhaps some kind of commercial activity could be worked out. Albania had oil which for the moment would be of less interest for Italy but also mining chromium, copper, iron and manganese which should be of interest to Italian industry.

Besides Egypt which had imposed itself upon Italy, Italy had begun cultivating Hungary due to earlier ties during the Fascist Era but also to get a foothold in Eastern Europe now the Sovietunion had collapsed and the new States hadn't as yet approached Italy by themselves. Italy had looked to the Nordic AT-tankette and bolted a 75mm gun onto one which was exported to Hungary to be a mobile element in its Army; without any real enemy to the north or west it should serve Hungary's Army well.
Ukraine was high on the Italian list but was still licking its wounds and didn't show an interest in warships – Italian design. However it would only be a matter of time before Italian oil would be a sought for commodity.

Another foreign area of Italian interest was Spain if only to counter the French and with oil for sale the Spanish Republic was still interested in cooperating with Italy; Italy gained good contracts in delivery of military equipment and various metal ores but also access to Spanish Morocco; a waystation to Argentina where large numbers of Italian migrants resided.
Italy had also registret the tourism that had developed in Spain and decided that should also happen in Italy. Of course the history of the country and no less the Mediterranean climate and lower price level than in France should be an incentive to lure tourists to the country.
Initially the Germans were targeted but also the Nordics as both were seen as longing for the long hot summers of southern Europe. A smaller effort was done in Czechoslovakia and Austria.
With the Transatlantic routes taking off a few years before (1944) commercial flight was still expensive; Italy had the designers and should take their part of the share at least for starters in Europe and else tourists could use the railways from Scandinavia through Germany and Austria to Italy.
It was time to show the Europeans the wealthy new Italy and that ought to take off from the sky and for the not so well off the rails.

[stevep]

Nov 21, 2022 17:36:26 GMT 575 said:

Italy – Egypt 1946
Emigration to Libya was still strong mainly to the Great Syrte oilfields and the agricultural province of Cyrenaika which had attained status as an Italian administrative unit.
The activity at Great Syrte had taken on in size as to warrant the building of a port for tankers to moor at and merchantships to unload goods for the operation of the oilfield. Also an Airport had been build originally a gravel strip but now turned into a hard top.
Slowly the influx of Italians were beginning to influenze the Egyptian ruler King Farouk, whose father had been living part of his childhood in Italy and served with the Italian Army. Farouk clearly saw the riches the oil was providing Italy.
Farouk thus closed in politically on Italy allowing Greeks in Egypt to hold citizenship to the Italian-Aegean Isles as well as Egypt.
Egypt also bought military equipment in Italy and a pipeline was planned from Great Syrte to Alexandria. Negotiations of ceding Somalia to Egypt was even entered but Farouk found the country too poor and remote even if the Italians claimed it to make him King of Punt! Of course such talk made an impact on Farouk but still he didn't want the country though some Navy Officers and businessmen advised that the possession of Somalia should include Socotra which would be a valuable asset at the mouth of the Red Sea.
Thus impressed Farouk had Government enter talks with the Italians on taking over Somalia and Socotra.

Farouk because of his Albanian ancestry also had the Kings of Albania, Yugoslavia and Greece meet at Cairo due to Albanian ancestry. (OTL!)
The Greek King being of Danish descend was as much Greek as Farouk was Albanian though he didn't say so and participated mainly to try get a way at Italy regarding the Dodecanease Islands which the Greeks had made a deal with Italy on during the Great War but the Greek defeat in Asia Minor had nullified that. Now perhaps something could be worked out.
Italy was very keen on the Royal meeting at Cairo and asked for King Victor Emmanuel to participate which Farouk was only too ready to agree to.
King Alexander of Yugoslavia was somewhat apprehensive of meeting King Victor Emmanuel but the two managed to get along after all it was ten years post the Italian – Yugoslavian War that had been initiated by Mussolini and then Italy had the oil. Alexander needed to participate.
King Zog of Albania was the fourth participant of the Royal gathering; following the Italian – Yugoslavian War of 1935 the Italians had lost interest in Albania as Mussolini had been deposed and the Italian economy was in shambles. Now Italy had emerged again on the stage of rich civilized nations and perhaps some kind of commercial activity could be worked out. Albania had oil which for the moment would be of less interest for Italy but also mining chromium, copper, iron and manganese which should be of interest to Italian industry.

Besides Egypt which had imposed itself upon Italy, Italy had begun cultivating Hungary due to earlier ties during the Fascist Era but also to get a foothold in Eastern Europe now the Sovietunion had collapsed and the new States hadn't as yet approached Italy by themselves. Italy had looked to the Nordic AT-tankette and bolted a 75mm gun onto one which was exported to Hungary to be a mobile element in its Army; without any real enemy to the north or west it should serve Hungary's Army well.
Ukraine was high on the Italian list but was still licking its wounds and didn't show an interest in warships – Italian design. However it would only be a matter of time before Italian oil would be a sought for commodity.

Another foreign area of Italian interest was Spain if only to counter the French and with oil for sale the Spanish Republic was still interested in cooperating with Italy; Italy gained good contracts in delivery of military equipment and various metal ores but also access to Spanish Morocco; a waystation to Argentina where large numbers of Italian migrants resided.
Italy had also registret the tourism that had developed in Spain and decided that should also happen in Italy. Of course the history of the country and no less the Mediterranean climate and lower price level than in France should be an incentive to lure tourists to the country.
Initially the Germans were targeted but also the Nordics as both were seen as longing for the long hot summers of southern Europe. A smaller effort was done in Czechoslovakia and Austria.
With the Transatlantic routes taking off a few years before (1944) commercial flight was still expensive; Italy had the designers and should take their part of the share at least for starters in Europe and else tourists could use the railways from Scandinavia through Germany and Austria to Italy.
It was time to show the Europeans the wealthy new Italy and that ought to take off from the sky and for the not so well off the rails.

  One question is would Italy end up with a dose of Dutch disease?  Or similarly with Spain earlier relying on gold and silver from the Americas.  A big economic boost like oil can be a bonus but needs to be carefully used else it can be an handicap.

  Italian interest in Albania dated from long before Mussolini. Centuries I believe in one form or another.  However their likely to be reduced somewhat after Mussolini's disastrous conflict.

[575]

Nov 22, 2022 11:42:01 GMT stevep said:

Nov 21, 2022 17:36:26 GMT 575 said:

Italy – Egypt 1946
Emigration to Libya was still strong mainly to the Great Syrte oilfields and the agricultural province of Cyrenaika which had attained status as an Italian administrative unit.
The activity at Great Syrte had taken on in size as to warrant the building of a port for tankers to moor at and merchantships to unload goods for the operation of the oilfield. Also an Airport had been build originally a gravel strip but now turned into a hard top.
Slowly the influx of Italians were beginning to influenze the Egyptian ruler King Farouk, whose father had been living part of his childhood in Italy and served with the Italian Army. Farouk clearly saw the riches the oil was providing Italy.
Farouk thus closed in politically on Italy allowing Greeks in Egypt to hold citizenship to the Italian-Aegean Isles as well as Egypt.
Egypt also bought military equipment in Italy and a pipeline was planned from Great Syrte to Alexandria. Negotiations of ceding Somalia to Egypt was even entered but Farouk found the country too poor and remote even if the Italians claimed it to make him King of Punt! Of course such talk made an impact on Farouk but still he didn't want the country though some Navy Officers and businessmen advised that the possession of Somalia should include Socotra which would be a valuable asset at the mouth of the Red Sea.
Thus impressed Farouk had Government enter talks with the Italians on taking over Somalia and Socotra.

Farouk because of his Albanian ancestry also had the Kings of Albania, Yugoslavia and Greece meet at Cairo due to Albanian ancestry. (OTL!)
The Greek King being of Danish descend was as much Greek as Farouk was Albanian though he didn't say so and participated mainly to try get a way at Italy regarding the Dodecanease Islands which the Greeks had made a deal with Italy on during the Great War but the Greek defeat in Asia Minor had nullified that. Now perhaps something could be worked out.
Italy was very keen on the Royal meeting at Cairo and asked for King Victor Emmanuel to participate which Farouk was only too ready to agree to.
King Alexander of Yugoslavia was somewhat apprehensive of meeting King Victor Emmanuel but the two managed to get along after all it was ten years post the Italian – Yugoslavian War that had been initiated by Mussolini and then Italy had the oil. Alexander needed to participate.
King Zog of Albania was the fourth participant of the Royal gathering; following the Italian – Yugoslavian War of 1935 the Italians had lost interest in Albania as Mussolini had been deposed and the Italian economy was in shambles. Now Italy had emerged again on the stage of rich civilized nations and perhaps some kind of commercial activity could be worked out. Albania had oil which for the moment would be of less interest for Italy but also mining chromium, copper, iron and manganese which should be of interest to Italian industry.

Besides Egypt which had imposed itself upon Italy, Italy had begun cultivating Hungary due to earlier ties during the Fascist Era but also to get a foothold in Eastern Europe now the Sovietunion had collapsed and the new States hadn't as yet approached Italy by themselves. Italy had looked to the Nordic AT-tankette and bolted a 75mm gun onto one which was exported to Hungary to be a mobile element in its Army; without any real enemy to the north or west it should serve Hungary's Army well.
Ukraine was high on the Italian list but was still licking its wounds and didn't show an interest in warships – Italian design. However it would only be a matter of time before Italian oil would be a sought for commodity.

Another foreign area of Italian interest was Spain if only to counter the French and with oil for sale the Spanish Republic was still interested in cooperating with Italy; Italy gained good contracts in delivery of military equipment and various metal ores but also access to Spanish Morocco; a waystation to Argentina where large numbers of Italian migrants resided.
Italy had also registret the tourism that had developed in Spain and decided that should also happen in Italy. Of course the history of the country and no less the Mediterranean climate and lower price level than in France should be an incentive to lure tourists to the country.
Initially the Germans were targeted but also the Nordics as both were seen as longing for the long hot summers of southern Europe. A smaller effort was done in Czechoslovakia and Austria.
With the Transatlantic routes taking off a few years before (1944) commercial flight was still expensive; Italy had the designers and should take their part of the share at least for starters in Europe and else tourists could use the railways from Scandinavia through Germany and Austria to Italy.
It was time to show the Europeans the wealthy new Italy and that ought to take off from the sky and for the not so well off the rails.

  One question is would Italy end up with a dose of Dutch disease?  Or similarly with Spain earlier relying on gold and silver from the Americas.  A big economic boost like oil can be a bonus but needs to be carefully used else it can be an handicap.

  Italian interest in Albania dated from long before Mussolini. Centuries I believe in one form or another.  However their likely to be reduced somewhat after Mussolini's disastrous conflict.

Italy may be on its way on Dutch disease though I haven't decided on their ultimate fate - originally I saw them going down the route of another late 20C society like WEurope post Cold War but I'm not certain on this - not fully at least.

Have some ideas still on the development but its beginning to search for its role in the World which still include the good life. Problem for me is this Europe and World is quite different from our's.
Edit: this odd world of no WWII with nations ready to draw the Sword!!!

[575]

Czechoslovakia – Austria 1946
The two states had had economic cooperation since the times of fascist Italy; with the collapse of the Sovietunion and Italy probing the eastern part of Europe they decided to formalize that cooperation. The Czechoslovakians still had the Polish oil and the Austrians the German backing even if that seemed somewhat absent at the time with the Germans occupied in the Baltics.
With Czechoslovak funds and Austrian tech skills the two worked on perfecting what was on hand and develop better.
Both states resented the Italians entering deals with Hungary though they agreed the Hungarian target to be Romania or rather Transsylvania though war wouldn't be coming this year – the Hungarians needed to prepare and the Italians had only begun delivering the hardware.

[575]

1947
Death of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy 28. December without male issue; his only son Amadeo killed in a terrorist bombing 17. March 1943 – after a long Parlament debate the Kingdom is abolished and a Republic declared.
Italy had seen growing resentment of the Royal House and the lack of a successor prompted political action. Some distant relations had been suggested by news media but hadn't caught on.
Thus Italy became a Republic Edit: following a referendum which squarely went for the Republic in Industial North and Cyrenaika with a tie in most of country - mainly due to the Monarchy being tied to Fascism and the Church.
This new situation didn't sewer the ties to the former Royal Alliance of Italy – Egypt – Yugoslavia – Greece and Albania; king Farouk had a mission to weld the countries into alliance and worked to do so though he did have some adverse feelings towards the Italian Republic and the talks of Somalia with Socotra going to Egypt stalled.

Italy still had dreams it seemed of Mediterranean Grandeur though the stalled negotiations with Egypt was weived as a minor setback. The new Italian President visited Spain and entered a trade agreement of Italian oil for various metals ore needed by Italian industry.
This event more than anything else made suspicions grow at Quai d'Orsy in Paris.

[lordroel]

Nov 26, 2022 12:19:04 GMT 575 said:

1947
Death of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy 28. December without male issue; his only son Amadeo killed in a terrorist bombing 17. March 1943 – after a long Parlament debate the Kingdom is abolished and a Republic declared.

No referendum. 

[575]

Nov 26, 2022 12:23:32 GMT lordroel said:

Nov 26, 2022 12:19:04 GMT 575 said:

1947
Death of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy 28. December without male issue; his only son Amadeo killed in a terrorist bombing 17. March 1943 – after a long Parlament debate the Kingdom is abolished and a Republic declared.

No referendum. 

Your'e right lost that one out - edited.

[575]

Russian Civil War 1947
It had been on low activity this year due to the famine which was so much worse due to the effects of the Civil War the year before. Only the Novgorod Republic due to the import of Danish wheat seemed to be able to keep going as did Belarus which had secured some supply of German grain.
The two announced an amalgamation to the Russian Republic and soon defeated the Socialist Republic of Smolensk which brought them at the door of the Sovietunion at Moscow.

By now Ukraine had sorted itself out so much as to realize its needs among these oil and Italy was wanting to deliver and readily take Ukrainian grain and coal in return.
Poland had wanted to become the protector of Ukraine but with this recent trade agreement the carpet had been pulled under the Poles who went to LoN to accuse Germany of renewed Lebensraum Politics – as propagated since 1890 and being countered that Germany had indeed restored Poland during the Great War!

Poland had been kicked out of the Russian Civil War during December 1945 and Finland talked out of entering though this year saw Turkey ridded of Kemal Atatürks paradigm of seeking peace invaded the Caucasus to liberate areas of Georgia and Armenia which it had been forced to cede to Russia 1921.
There was only Armenia, Georgia and Azerbadjan and a host of mountain Republics to oppose the Turks but the British in Iraq and Persia was very worried of this.

The Turks were able to take the Georgian and Armenian areas they coveted but then got bogged down in the mountains; Armenia with its fresh memory of Genocide was by now doing its utmost to combat the Turks.

Edit: last paragraph from liberate - looked up the area in another context and realized I overlooked this.

[lordroel]

Nov 26, 2022 15:13:36 GMT 575 said:

Russian Civil War 1947
It had been on low activity this year due to the famine which was so much worse due to the effects of the Civil War the year before. Only the Novgorod Republic due to the import of Danish wheat seemed to be able to keep going as did Belarus which had secured some supply of German grain.
The two announced an amalgamation to the Russian Republic and soon defeated the Socialist Republic of Smolensk which brought them at the door of the Sovietunion at Moscow.

By now Ukraine had sorted itself out so much as to realize its needs among these oil and Italy was wanting to deliver and readily take Ukrainian grain and coal in return.
Poland had wanted to become the protector of Ukraine but with this recent trade agreement the carpet had been pulled under the Poles who went to LoN to accuse Germany of renewed Lebensraum Politics – as propagated since 1890 and being countered that Germany had indeed restored Poland during the Great War!

Poland had been kicked out of the Russian Civil War during December 1945 and Finland talked out of entering though this year saw Turkey ridded of Kemal Atatürks paradigm of seeking peace invaded the Caucasus to liberate Kars which it had been forced to cede to Russia 1919.
There was only Armenia, Georgia and Azerbadjan and a host of mountain Republics to oppose the Turks but the British in Iraq and Persia was very worried of this.
The Turks were able to take Kars but then got bogged down in the mountains; Armenia with its fresh memory of Genocide was doing its utmost to combat the Turks.

Is this the 2nd Russian Civil War.

[575]

Nov 26, 2022 15:16:52 GMT lordroel said:

Nov 26, 2022 15:13:36 GMT 575 said:

Russian Civil War 1947
It had been on low activity this year due to the famine which was so much worse due to the effects of the Civil War the year before. Only the Novgorod Republic due to the import of Danish wheat seemed to be able to keep going as did Belarus which had secured some supply of German grain.
The two announced an amalgamation to the Russian Republic and soon defeated the Socialist Republic of Smolensk which brought them at the door of the Sovietunion at Moscow.

By now Ukraine had sorted itself out so much as to realize its needs among these oil and Italy was wanting to deliver and readily take Ukrainian grain and coal in return.
Poland had wanted to become the protector of Ukraine but with this recent trade agreement the carpet had been pulled under the Poles who went to LoN to accuse Germany of renewed Lebensraum Politics – as propagated since 1890 and being countered that Germany had indeed restored Poland during the Great War!

Poland had been kicked out of the Russian Civil War during December 1945 and Finland talked out of entering though this year saw Turkey ridded of Kemal Atatürks paradigm of seeking peace invaded the Caucasus to liberate Kars which it had been forced to cede to Russia 1919.
There was only Armenia, Georgia and Azerbadjan and a host of mountain Republics to oppose the Turks but the British in Iraq and Persia was very worried of this.
The Turks were able to take Kars but then got bogged down in the mountains; Armenia with its fresh memory of Genocide was doing its utmost to combat the Turks.

Is this the 2nd Russian Civil War.

Yes in the continuation of the collapse of the Sovietunion 1945.